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Bol. Hosp. Viña del Mar ; 78(1-2): 24-28, 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398501

RESUMO

Introducción: Las personas portadoras del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) presentan mayor comorbilidad de trastornos neurocognitivos y del ánimo que la población general. La introducción de los antirretrovirales ha disminuido significativamente la demencia asociada a VIH, relacionado a la adherencia a la terapia antirretroviral altamente activa (TARAA). Diversos estudios han demostrado la coexistencia de otros factores para explicar dicho trastorno cognitivo, tales como enfermedad neurológica previa, enfermedad psiquiátrica, consumo de drogas, nivel educativo, reserva cognitiva, entre otras. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de sintomatología depresiva, deterioro cognitivo y su relación con la adherencia a TARAA y otros factores de curso clínico en pacientes portadores de VIH en control ambulatorio. Métodos: Estudio transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes que viven con VIH adscritos al programa de infectología del Hospital Dr. Gustavo Fricke, Viña del mar, Chile. Se utilizaron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y se aplicaron las escalas Depression in the Medicaly III Questionary, Montreal Cognitive Assesment y Morysky Green Levin Test. Resultados: Se incluyeron 29 participantes, en su mayoría hombres (86,2%) y con escolaridad técnica o profesional (86.2%). No hubo diferencias entre variables biodemográficas, depresivas ni subdimensiones cognitivos. Entre pacientes adherentes y no adherentes se encontró diferencias significativas respecto a la presencia de algún deterioro cognitivo. Conclusiones: Los resultados deben ser interpretados con cautela, dado su alcance limitado. Futuros estudios traslacionales debieran incorporar mediciones más certeras del nivel de adherencia al TARAA.


Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers present more neurocognitive and mood disorders than the general population. The introduction of antiretrovirals has significantly lowered the incidence of HIV associated dementia, and this is related to adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Several studies have shown the coexistence of other factors that could explain the cognitive disorder, such as a pre-existing neurological disease, psychiatric disease, drug consumption, level of education, cognitive reserve, and others. Objective: To determine the degree of depressive symptomatology and cognitive impairment and their relation to adherence to HAART and other factors of the clinical course of HIV carriers in outpatient supervision. Methods: Cross-sectional study. We included HIV patients in the infectious diseases program, Dr Gustavo Fricke Hospital, Viña del Mar, Chile. We used sociodemographic and clinical data and we applied the Depression in the Medically Ill questionnaire, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and the Morysky Green Levin Test. Results: 29 patients participated, mainly men (86.2%) with technical or professional education (86.2%). There were no significant differences in sociodemographic, depressive, or cognitive subdomain variables. There were significant differences in cognitive impairment between adherents and non-adherents. Conclusions: Care should be taken with interpreting the results, given their limited scope. Future cross-sectional studies should incorporate more accurate measurements of HAART adherence.

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